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How do we improve the electrochemical capabilities of nano-silicon anode material?
Countries around the globe are devoted to the research direction that focuses on developing and applying new energy sources. The efficiency of the battery is a crucial factor in the progress of the emerging energy sector. There are a variety of batteries used for energy storage elements. There are a variety of uses for lithium-ion batteries. They can be used for energy storage and power batteries. The capacity, efficiency of the battery, its rate and cycle retention of lithium-ion batteries are crucial indicators, and their capacity is the most important.
Lithium-ion battery components include positive electrodes, negative electrodes, electrolytes, separators and other components. The enhancement of lithium-ion battery performance is closely tied to the development of negative and positive materials. There are three types of cathode materials, including lithium iron phosphate and lithium cobalt dioxide. Their specific cycling capacity is less than 200mAh/g. The materials for anodes available include graphite and silicon-carbon materials. They also come with different cycling ratios. The capacity is typically less than 420mAh/g. expanding the capacity of the anode material is a major research area recognized globally. Nano-silicon is a material with a theoretical capacity that can reach 4200mAh/g. Its limited primary efficacy and insufficient retention of the cycle are two of the main reasons why it is not extensively employed.
The following techniques are employed principally to enhance the electrochemical capabilities and performance of silicon-based anode materials:
(1) Nano silicon materials:
Nanometerization at zero-dimension is a way to limit the absolute volume change in silicon. Nanometerization in one dimension reduces radial volume changes in the course of charging and discharge. Two-dimensional nanometerization decreases the change in volume perpendicular to the film.
(2) Silicon alloy materials:
One kind is inert metals (Cu, Fe, Mn, Ti, etc.) which do not react with lithium. The inert metal phase is characterized by excellent conductivity and speeds up the spread of Li+. Furthermore, it acts as a buffer and can be used to react with lithium. The active metals (Al Mg, Sn or Sb.) of the deintercalation reaction, the lithium-intercalation potential platforms of the active metals and silicon are quite different, and the lithium compound generated by the active metal intercalation can be used as a buffer matrix.
(3) Silicon carbon anode material:
Nano Silicon anode material gives complete play to the outstanding electrical conductivity as well as the durability of carbon materials. The insufficient cycle retention for nano silicon anode material has been a major problem that hinders its use. The retention rate of the nano silicon anode material can be improved by coating silicon particles with carbon, or by converting some of them into silicon carbide. It is evident that silicon anode materials must be used with graphite based anodes. The proportion of silicon anode materials required for this purpose must be lower than 15 15%.
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