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What is Hafnium Carbide?
Hafnium carburide (HfC), a chemical compound composed of hafnium, is a combination of carbon and hafnium. Its melting temperature is approximately 3900degC. The oxidation resistance of this compound is extremely low. At 430degC, oxidation begins. This compound might be used in the heat shield of future spacecraft.
Carbonizations are usually devoid of carbon. Therefore, their composition is typically expressed as HfCx (x = 0,5 to 1,0). The crystal structure is cubic (salt).
Hafnium carburide is normally synthesized in an atmosphere of inertness or reduction with hafnium (HfO2) oxide and carbon. The reaction is carried out at a temperature between 1900-2300degC. Hafnium carburide can be dissolved in a number of compounds such as ZrC or TaC. ).
Hafnium oxide (IV), which is obtained by reducing powdered hafnium with carbon, has a temperature of 18002000degC. To remove all the oxygen, it takes a lot of time. Chemical vapor deposition can also produce a coating of high purity HfC from a mixture containing methane, hydrogen and vaporized chlorine chloride (IV). HfC’s limited use is due to its high synthesis costs and technical complexity.
HfC-x undergoes a change from paramagnetism to diamagnetism when x is increased. TaC has the same structure as HfC but exhibits the opposite behavior.
What is hafnium carbide used for?
Hafnium carbide is an excellent material for rockets. It can also be used for ceramics, other industries and as the nose of space rockets which re-enter our atmosphere.
How powerful is hafnium carbide?
W-based or Mo-based alloys that are dispersed with Hafnium Carbide exhibit superior tensile strength and stress rupture properties than those that do not contain HfC. MoHfC is stronger than WHfC at 1400K pressure, based on density compensation.
Hafnium carbide has a density 12.7g/cm3 as well as a melting temp of 3890degC. It is the most melting point known among single compounds. Volume resistivity of hafnium carbide is 1.95×10-4O*cm (2990) and thermal expansion coefficient 6.73×10-6/. In general, hafnium (HfO2) is combined with carbon to create powders in an inert environment. Hafnium carburide can react at a temperature of 1900-2300°C and form a solid with many compounds. It is characterized by a high melting temperature and high elastic co-efficient, as well as good electrical and thermal conductivity.
Is hafnium carbide poisonous?
In studies on animals, the intraperitoneal routes of trichlorooxidation were toxic. No industrial poisoning has been reported. Carbide : Pure carbon is very low in toxicity for humans. It may be converted into graphite and charcoal, or it can even be safely consumed.
Why does hafnium carburide have a melting point so high?
Hafnium carburide is resistant to corrosion as it forms an oxide layer on the surface. A report in “Chemical World”, states that among the three element compounds, the carbide mixed of tungsten hafnium, has the highest melting points of any compound known at 7,457° Fahrenheit (4125° Celsius).
What is Hafnium and what does it do?
Hafnium can be found in zirconium-containing mineral zirconium. Hafnium shares many similarities with zirconium in nature. The amount of HfO2 found in zircon for industrial use is between 0.5-2 %. Beryllium zircon found in secondary zirconium can contain up to 15 percent HfO2. A metamorphic stone containing more than 5% HfO2 is also used to produce zircon. Both minerals are small and have never been used by the industry. Hafnium mainly comes from the production of zirconium.
Hafnium is smelted in a similar way to zirconium and usually divided into 5 steps.
First, the ore is decomposed. The first method is to chlorinate zircon in order to get (Zr Hf)Cl4. At 600, the zircon melts with zircon and NaOH. The (Zr Hf O2) is transformed to Na2 (Zr Hf O3) and the siO2 into Na2SiO3, then removed by water. After dissolving in HNO3, the Na2 (Zr,Hf)O3 solution can be used to separate zirconium from hafnium. The colloid SiO2 makes extraction with solvents and separation difficult. After immersion in water, 3Sinter the K2SiF6 and obtain K2(Zr & Hf). The solution is able to separate zirconium from hafnium through fractional crystallization.
Separation of hafnium from zirconium is done by using solvent extraction, with the HNO3 and TBP (tributylphosphate-hydrochloric acid) systems. Multi-stage fractionation based on the difference in the vapor pressure between HfCl4 (ZrCl4) and ZrCl4 (HfCl4 melts) under high pressure has been studied for a long time. This technology can eliminate the second chlorination and reduce costs. Due to the corrosion of (Zr, HF)Cl4 as well as HCl it is difficult to find fractionation columns that are suitable. They will also decrease the quality of ZrCl4 or HfCl4 while increasing the cost.
The fourth step is purification of HfCl4 and magnesium reduction. The fourth stage is the purification of HfCl4 followed by magnesium reduction. This is the same process as purification and reduction ZrCl4, with the semi-finished product being crude sponge hafnium. The fifth step involves vacuum distillation to remove MgCl2 as well as recover the excess metal magnesium. The final product will be sponge metal hafnium. If sodium is substituted for magnesium in the reducing agents, the fifth step will change to water immersion.
To avoid spontaneous combustion, take extra care to remove the hafnium crucible sponge. The sponge hafnium pieces need to be broken up into smaller pieces. These pieces will be used as electrodes for consumables. It is also important to avoid spontaneous combustion when breaking the sponge hafnium. The iodide decomposition technique is used to purify sponge hafnium in the same manner as zirconium and titanium. The control conditions differ slightly from zirconium. The temperature of the sponge hafnium in the iodination chamber is 600degC. Meanwhile, the temperature of the wire in the middle of the tank is 1600degC. . Hafnium is processed and formed by forging and extrusion. Hafnium is primarily used to produce control rods for reactors.
Hafnium application
Pure hafnium exhibits plasticity, is easy to process, has high temperature resistance, and resists corrosion. It is used in the nuclear energy industry. Hafnium, with its large thermal neutron section, is an ideal neutron absorption device that can be used for control rods and protection devices in an atomic power reactor. Hafnium is used in rocket propellers. In the electrical industry, cathodes for X ray tubes can also be produced. Hafnium-based alloys are used in the manufacture of tool steel, resistance materials and rocket nozzles. Hafnium adds heat resistance to tungsten, tantalum, and molybdenum. HFC’s high melting and hardness make it a suitable cemented carbide. The melting temperature of 4TaC*HfC amounts to 4215degC. This is the highest melting temperature compound.
(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical supplier & manufacturer has been providing high-quality Nanomaterials and chemicals for over 12 Years. Our company is currently developing a number of materials. Our Hafnium Carbide (HfC), powder is of high purity and has a low impurity level. Contact us if you need to.
Carbonizations are usually devoid of carbon. Therefore, their composition is typically expressed as HfCx (x = 0,5 to 1,0). The crystal structure is cubic (salt).
Hafnium oxide (IV), which is obtained by reducing powdered hafnium with carbon, has a temperature of 18002000degC. To remove all the oxygen, it takes a lot of time. Chemical vapor deposition can also produce a coating of high purity HfC from a mixture containing methane, hydrogen and vaporized chlorine chloride (IV). HfC’s limited use is due to its high synthesis costs and technical complexity.
HfC-x undergoes a change from paramagnetism to diamagnetism when x is increased. TaC has the same structure as HfC but exhibits the opposite behavior.
What is hafnium carbide used for?
Hafnium carbide is an excellent material for rockets. It can also be used for ceramics, other industries and as the nose of space rockets which re-enter our atmosphere.
How powerful is hafnium carbide?
W-based or Mo-based alloys that are dispersed with Hafnium Carbide exhibit superior tensile strength and stress rupture properties than those that do not contain HfC. MoHfC is stronger than WHfC at 1400K pressure, based on density compensation.
Hafnium carbide has a density 12.7g/cm3 as well as a melting temp of 3890degC. It is the most melting point known among single compounds. Volume resistivity of hafnium carbide is 1.95×10-4O*cm (2990) and thermal expansion coefficient 6.73×10-6/. In general, hafnium (HfO2) is combined with carbon to create powders in an inert environment. Hafnium carburide can react at a temperature of 1900-2300°C and form a solid with many compounds. It is characterized by a high melting temperature and high elastic co-efficient, as well as good electrical and thermal conductivity.
Is hafnium carbide poisonous?
In studies on animals, the intraperitoneal routes of trichlorooxidation were toxic. No industrial poisoning has been reported. Carbide : Pure carbon is very low in toxicity for humans. It may be converted into graphite and charcoal, or it can even be safely consumed.
Hafnium carburide is resistant to corrosion as it forms an oxide layer on the surface. A report in “Chemical World”, states that among the three element compounds, the carbide mixed of tungsten hafnium, has the highest melting points of any compound known at 7,457° Fahrenheit (4125° Celsius).
What is Hafnium and what does it do?
Hafnium can be found in zirconium-containing mineral zirconium. Hafnium shares many similarities with zirconium in nature. The amount of HfO2 found in zircon for industrial use is between 0.5-2 %. Beryllium zircon found in secondary zirconium can contain up to 15 percent HfO2. A metamorphic stone containing more than 5% HfO2 is also used to produce zircon. Both minerals are small and have never been used by the industry. Hafnium mainly comes from the production of zirconium.
Hafnium is smelted in a similar way to zirconium and usually divided into 5 steps.
First, the ore is decomposed. The first method is to chlorinate zircon in order to get (Zr Hf)Cl4. At 600, the zircon melts with zircon and NaOH. The (Zr Hf O2) is transformed to Na2 (Zr Hf O3) and the siO2 into Na2SiO3, then removed by water. After dissolving in HNO3, the Na2 (Zr,Hf)O3 solution can be used to separate zirconium from hafnium. The colloid SiO2 makes extraction with solvents and separation difficult. After immersion in water, 3Sinter the K2SiF6 and obtain K2(Zr & Hf). The solution is able to separate zirconium from hafnium through fractional crystallization.
Separation of hafnium from zirconium is done by using solvent extraction, with the HNO3 and TBP (tributylphosphate-hydrochloric acid) systems. Multi-stage fractionation based on the difference in the vapor pressure between HfCl4 (ZrCl4) and ZrCl4 (HfCl4 melts) under high pressure has been studied for a long time. This technology can eliminate the second chlorination and reduce costs. Due to the corrosion of (Zr, HF)Cl4 as well as HCl it is difficult to find fractionation columns that are suitable. They will also decrease the quality of ZrCl4 or HfCl4 while increasing the cost.
The fourth step is purification of HfCl4 and magnesium reduction. The fourth stage is the purification of HfCl4 followed by magnesium reduction. This is the same process as purification and reduction ZrCl4, with the semi-finished product being crude sponge hafnium. The fifth step involves vacuum distillation to remove MgCl2 as well as recover the excess metal magnesium. The final product will be sponge metal hafnium. If sodium is substituted for magnesium in the reducing agents, the fifth step will change to water immersion.
To avoid spontaneous combustion, take extra care to remove the hafnium crucible sponge. The sponge hafnium pieces need to be broken up into smaller pieces. These pieces will be used as electrodes for consumables. It is also important to avoid spontaneous combustion when breaking the sponge hafnium. The iodide decomposition technique is used to purify sponge hafnium in the same manner as zirconium and titanium. The control conditions differ slightly from zirconium. The temperature of the sponge hafnium in the iodination chamber is 600degC. Meanwhile, the temperature of the wire in the middle of the tank is 1600degC. . Hafnium is processed and formed by forging and extrusion. Hafnium is primarily used to produce control rods for reactors.
Pure hafnium exhibits plasticity, is easy to process, has high temperature resistance, and resists corrosion. It is used in the nuclear energy industry. Hafnium, with its large thermal neutron section, is an ideal neutron absorption device that can be used for control rods and protection devices in an atomic power reactor. Hafnium is used in rocket propellers. In the electrical industry, cathodes for X ray tubes can also be produced. Hafnium-based alloys are used in the manufacture of tool steel, resistance materials and rocket nozzles. Hafnium adds heat resistance to tungsten, tantalum, and molybdenum. HFC’s high melting and hardness make it a suitable cemented carbide. The melting temperature of 4TaC*HfC amounts to 4215degC. This is the highest melting temperature compound.
(aka. Technology Co. Ltd., a trusted global chemical supplier & manufacturer has been providing high-quality Nanomaterials and chemicals for over 12 Years. Our company is currently developing a number of materials. Our Hafnium Carbide (HfC), powder is of high purity and has a low impurity level. Contact us if you need to.